What happens when you give cocaine to bees? I bet you've always wondered.
To learn more about the biochemistry of addiction, scientists in
Australia dropped liquefied freebase cocaine on bees’ backs, so it
entered the circulatory system and brain.
The scientists found
that bees react much like humans do: cocaine alters their judgment,
stimulates their behavior and makes them exaggeratedly enthusiastic
about things that might not otherwise excite them.
What’s more,
bees exhibit withdrawal symptoms. When a coked-up bee has to stop cold
turkey, its score on a standard test of bee performance (learning to
associate an odor with sugary syrup) plummets.
“What we have in the bee is a wonderfully simple system to see how
brains react to a drug of abuse,” said Andrew B. Barron, a senior
lecturer at Macquarie University in Australia and a co-leader in the
bees-on-cocaine studies. “It may be that when we know that, we’ll be
able to stop a brain reacting to a drug of abuse, and then we may be
able to discover new ways to prevent abuse in humans.”
This strikes me as a slightly odd way of approaching things although the premise of research in this area is sound. If they could engineer a chemical reaction that made doing cocaine not be fun, then people who had taken this antabuse-type drug wouldn't have fun when they took cocaine? Is that the idea? Or is the thought that it would still be fun but they would stop your brain from just tripping out on how fun it was, thereby engineering non-addictive cocaine? Because it seems to me the result of that would be...more people doing coke now that they're not afraid they'll get hooked? Anyway...
The research, published in the Journal of Experimental Biology, advances the knowledge of reward systems in insects, and aims to “use
the honeybee as a model to study the molecular basis of addiction,”
said Gene E. Robinson, director of the neuroscience program at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and a co-author with Dr. Barron, and Ryszard
Maleszka and Paul G. Helliwell at Australian National University.
The
researchers looked at honeybees whose job is finding food — flying to
flowers, discovering nectar, and if their discovery is important
enough, doing a waggle dance on a special “dance floor” to help hive
mates learn the location.
“Many times they don’t dance,”
Professor Robinson said. “They only dance if the food is of sufficient
quality and if they assess the colony needs the food.”
On
cocaine the bees “danced more frequently and more vigorously for the
same quality food,” Dr. Barron said. “They were about twice as likely
to dance” as undrugged bees, and they circled “about 25 percent
faster.”
The bees did not dance at the wrong time or place.
Cocaine only made them more excited about the food they found. That’s
like “when a human takes cocaine at a low dose,” Dr. Barron said. “They
find many stimuli, but particularly, rewarding stimuli, to be more
rewarding than they actually are.”
OK, this just cracks me up. So on the human side, you wouldn't suddenly get into music that was really, you know, bad in some sense, like Supertramp, but you might take some music that is just OK and then think it's the greatest thing ever. Carl Craig, maybe, speaking hypothetically. Or, you wouldn't suddenly be best friends with someone whom you outright dislike, but you might take some aquaintance and decide they were your new bestest friend ever, is that where we're going here? Cue coked-up bees: "OMG you guys these flowers are so killer you've got to come check them out right now!!! Seriously, this will blow your mind! I'm dancin, I'm dancin..."
Now, scientists are studying whether bees begin to crave cocaine and need more for the same effect, like humans.
The
testing occurred in Australia, and, Dr. Barron said, “my dean got
extremely twitchy about holding cocaine on campus. It’s in a safe
bolted to a concrete floor within a locked cupboard in a locked room in
a locked building with a combination code not known even to me. A
technician from the ethics department has to walk across campus to
supervise the release of the cocaine.”
That, Dr. Barron said,
for a bee-size supply of “one gram, which has lasted me two years. One
gram, a human would go through in one night. I’m not like the local
drug lord.”
This reminds me of a story I think I've told before: my stepmom got accidentally scratched on the eye by our dog and when she finally saw the doc at the hospital they dropped some liquid in there and she got instant, total relief from pain. "Wow, that works great, can I take some of that home?" Answer, no, because its liquid cocaine. Silly anti-drug hysteria. These people don't even want bees getting high. (And yes, I'm aware they're worried more about scientists and grad students, but Dr. Barron's right he's not fuelling a campus-wide party with a gram.)
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